Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure designed to restore the function, stability, and movement of a damaged joint. It involves either resurfacing the joint or replacing it entirely with prosthetic components. This procedure is often recommended for patients with severe arthritis, degenerative joint disease, or traumatic joint injuries that have not responded to medications, physical therapy, or other non-surgical treatments. While commonly performed on the hip, knee, and shoulder, arthroplasty is also used in the spine (cervical and lumbar disc replacements) to preserve mobility.